Production Control
Job #4921 • Injection Molding

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Operator Tools

Product Code P-7890-X
Product Name Heavy Duty Bracket
Process Injection Molding
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Plastic Pellets
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Polypropylene Resin
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High-strength plastic
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Colorant/Dye
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UV Stabilizer
Protective additive

Injection Molding - Standard Operating Procedure

Job #4921 Rev. 2.3 Updated: Nov 2025

1. Overview & Safety

Process Description

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) covers the complete injection molding process for manufacturing Heavy Duty Brackets (Part P-7890-X). The procedure includes machine setup, operation, quality control, and shutdown protocols.

Critical Safety Warning

Injection molding equipment operates at high temperatures (up to 400°F) and pressures (up to 20,000 PSI). Failure to follow safety procedures may result in serious injury or death.

Required Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

  1. Safety glasses with side shields (ANSI Z87.1 rated)
  2. Heat-resistant gloves (when handling hot materials or parts)
  3. Steel-toed safety shoes
  4. Hearing protection in designated areas
  5. No loose clothing, jewelry, or long hair (must be tied back)
Safety Note

Always verify that all safety guards are in place and functioning before operating the machine. Never bypass safety interlocks.

Materials Required

  • Polypropylene Resin (PP-Grade 5502)
  • Colorant/Dye (Gray - Batch #GY-442)
  • Mold Release Agent (approved for food-safe applications)
  • UV Stabilizer additive

2. Pre-Operation Setup

Machine Inspection

  1. Verify machine cleanliness and remove any debris from previous runs
  2. Inspect hydraulic fluid levels and check for leaks
  3. Verify that all emergency stop buttons are functional
  4. Check that all safety guards and interlocks are operational
  5. Inspect cooling water supply and confirm proper flow
Quality Checkpoint

Complete the Pre-Operation Checklist (Form QC-101) and obtain supervisor approval before proceeding.

Material Loading

  1. Verify material batch numbers match job specifications
  2. Inspect material for contamination or moisture
  3. Load polypropylene resin into the hopper
  4. Add colorant at the specified ratio (2% by weight)
  5. Add UV stabilizer as specified
  6. Ensure hopper dryer is operational (if required)

Mold Installation

  1. Verify mold identification number: MD-7890-X-001
  2. Inspect mold for damage, wear, or debris
  3. Clean mold surfaces with approved cleaning solution
  4. Install mold using overhead crane (follow rigging procedures)
  5. Secure mold with clamps and verify alignment
  6. Connect cooling lines and verify water flow
Best Practice

Apply a thin, even coat of mold release agent before the first cycle to prevent sticking and ensure part quality.

Parameter Verification

Verify the following machine parameters match job specifications:

Parameter Target Value Tolerance
Barrel Temperature Zone 1 380°F ±5°F
Barrel Temperature Zone 2 390°F ±5°F
Barrel Temperature Zone 3 395°F ±5°F
Nozzle Temperature 400°F ±5°F
Mold Temperature 85°F ±5°F
Injection Pressure 15,000 PSI ±500 PSI
Cycle Time 45 seconds ±2 seconds

3. Machine Start-Up

Power-On Sequence

  1. Ensure all personnel are clear of the machine
  2. Turn main power switch to ON position
  3. Wait for control system to initialize (approximately 30 seconds)
  4. Verify that all indicators on control panel are functioning
  5. Check for any error messages or alarms

Heating Procedures

  1. Activate barrel heating system
  2. Set temperature zones to specified values (see Section 2)
  3. Monitor temperature rise and ensure even heating
  4. Wait for all zones to reach setpoint (typically 45-60 minutes)
  5. Allow 15-minute soak time after reaching temperature
  6. Verify temperature stability (±2°F for 10 minutes)
Warning

Never attempt to purge or inject material until all temperature zones have reached setpoint and stabilized. Premature operation can damage the screw and barrel.

Hydraulic System Checks

  1. Start hydraulic pump
  2. Verify hydraulic pressure reaches operating range (2000-2200 PSI)
  3. Check for unusual noises or vibrations
  4. Inspect all connections for leaks
  5. Test clamp operation (dry cycle with mold open)
  6. Test ejector system operation

Initial Purge

  1. With nozzle away from mold, perform initial purge
  2. Purge at least 3 full barrel capacities
  3. Inspect purged material for contamination or discoloration
  4. Continue purging until material color is consistent
  5. Verify material flow is smooth and continuous
Tip

Save first purged material for color comparison. This helps identify any contamination issues during production.

4. Production Operation

Starting Production

  1. Position nozzle against mold sprue bushing
  2. Verify mold is fully closed and clamped
  3. Set machine to AUTO mode
  4. Initiate first cycle using START button
  5. Monitor first cycle carefully for any issues
  6. Allow 3-5 cycles for process stabilization
Quality Checkpoint

Inspect the first good part and obtain Quality Control approval before proceeding with production run.

Monitoring Procedures

During production, continuously monitor the following:

  • Cycle Time: Should remain consistent (45 ±2 seconds)
  • Part Quality: Visual inspection every 10 parts
  • Machine Temperatures: Check every 30 minutes
  • Hydraulic Pressure: Monitor for fluctuations
  • Material Level: Maintain adequate hopper level
  • Cooling Water: Verify proper flow and temperature
  • Part Ejection: Ensure complete and consistent ejection

Production Logging

  1. Use the production tablet to track good parts count
  2. Log any defective parts immediately
  3. Record all material usage in the system
  4. Document any process adjustments made
  5. Note any unusual observations or machine behavior
Best Practice

Set up sample parts display showing acceptable and defective examples. This helps maintain consistent quality standards throughout the shift.

Process Adjustments

If minor adjustments are needed:

  1. Make only ONE adjustment at a time
  2. Wait 5-10 cycles to evaluate the effect
  3. Document all changes in production log
  4. If multiple adjustments needed, contact supervisor
  5. Never exceed parameter tolerance limits

5. Quality Checks

Visual Inspection Criteria

Perform visual inspection on sample parts every 10 units. Reject parts with:

  • Flash (excess material at parting line)
  • Short shots (incomplete filling)
  • Sink marks or voids
  • Discoloration or contamination
  • Surface defects (scratches, burns, flow lines)
  • Warpage or distortion
  • Ejector pin marks exceeding specification

Dimensional Checks

Perform dimensional inspection every hour using calibrated instruments:

Dimension Nominal Tolerance Inspection Method
Overall Length 150.0 mm ±0.5 mm Digital Caliper
Overall Width 75.0 mm ±0.3 mm Digital Caliper
Wall Thickness 4.0 mm ±0.2 mm Ultrasonic Gauge
Mounting Hole Diameter 12.0 mm ±0.1 mm Pin Gauge
Part Weight 125 g ±5 g Digital Scale
Quality Checkpoint

Record all measurements on Form QC-205. If any measurement falls outside tolerance, notify supervisor immediately and halt production.

Defect Documentation

For each defective part:

  1. Log defect using production tablet system
  2. Identify specific defect type and severity
  3. Place defective part in reject bin
  4. If defect rate exceeds 2%, contact supervisor
  5. Save sample defective parts for analysis

First Article Inspection

Complete comprehensive First Article Inspection (FAI) for:

  • First part of new production run
  • First part after mold or material change
  • First part after major process adjustment
  • First part of each shift

6. Troubleshooting Guide

Common Issues and Solutions

Issue: Short Shots (Incomplete Parts)

Possible Causes:

  • Insufficient injection pressure or time
  • Material temperature too low
  • Mold temperature too low
  • Material flow restriction

Corrective Actions:

  1. Increase injection pressure by 500 PSI increments
  2. Increase barrel temperature by 5°F increments
  3. Increase injection time by 0.5 second increments
  4. Verify gate and runner are not blocked
Issue: Flash (Excess Material)

Possible Causes:

  • Excessive injection pressure
  • Worn mold or damaged parting line
  • Insufficient clamp force
  • Material temperature too high

Corrective Actions:

  1. Reduce injection pressure by 500 PSI increments
  2. Inspect mold parting line for damage
  3. Verify clamp force meets specification
  4. Reduce barrel temperature by 5°F increments
Issue: Sink Marks or Voids

Possible Causes:

  • Insufficient packing pressure or time
  • Cooling time too short
  • Wall thickness variations
  • Gate location issues

Corrective Actions:

  1. Increase packing pressure
  2. Increase packing time
  3. Increase cooling time by 2 second increments
  4. Verify mold cooling is adequate
Issue: Warpage or Distortion

Possible Causes:

  • Uneven cooling
  • Excessive mold temperature
  • Premature part ejection
  • Residual stresses

Corrective Actions:

  1. Balance cooling circuit flow
  2. Reduce mold temperature
  3. Increase cooling time before ejection
  4. Optimize packing pressure profile
Important

If issues persist after following troubleshooting steps, stop production and contact your supervisor or maintenance technician. Do not continue producing defective parts.

When to Call Maintenance

Contact maintenance immediately if you observe:

  • Unusual noises or vibrations
  • Hydraulic fluid leaks
  • Erratic machine movements
  • Control system errors or alarms
  • Safety system malfunctions
  • Cooling system failures
  • Electrical issues or burning smells

7. Shutdown Procedures

Normal Shutdown Sequence

  1. Complete current production run
  2. Switch machine to MANUAL mode
  3. Open mold and remove final part
  4. Retract injection unit from mold
  5. Perform final material purge
  6. Turn off barrel heaters
  7. Allow barrel to cool below 200°F before shutdown
  8. Stop hydraulic pump
  9. Turn off main power
Best Practice

Purge with purging compound or next scheduled material to prevent material degradation during downtime.

Mold Removal (If Required)

  1. Ensure mold has cooled to safe handling temperature
  2. Disconnect cooling lines
  3. Remove mold clamps
  4. Attach lifting eyes to mold
  5. Use overhead crane to remove mold carefully
  6. Place mold on storage cart
  7. Apply rust preventative if storing long-term
  8. Complete mold storage documentation

Cleaning and Maintenance

  1. Clean all spilled material from machine and floor
  2. Wipe down machine surfaces
  3. Remove any material from hopper (if required)
  4. Clean mold surfaces and apply rust preventative
  5. Check and clean safety guards
  6. Dispose of scrap material properly
  7. Organize tools and equipment

Production Documentation

  1. Complete production log with final counts
  2. Record total good parts produced
  3. Document total defective parts by type
  4. Log all material usage
  5. Note any issues or observations
  6. Complete end-of-run quality inspection
  7. Submit all documentation to supervisor
  8. Update production tablet system
Quality Checkpoint

Ensure all production documentation is complete and accurate before leaving the workstation. Incomplete records may delay shipment.

8. Emergency Procedures

Emergency Contact Information

Emergency: 911
Plant Security: Ext. 5000
Maintenance Emergency: Ext. 5100
Safety Supervisor: Ext. 5200

Emergency Stop Procedure

  1. Press EMERGENCY STOP button immediately
  2. Ensure machine has completely stopped
  3. Turn off hydraulic pump if safe to do so
  4. Alert nearby personnel
  5. Secure the area
  6. Contact supervisor immediately
  7. Do not restart machine until authorized

Fire Emergency

  1. Activate fire alarm pull station
  2. Press machine EMERGENCY STOP
  3. Evacuate area immediately using nearest exit
  4. Do not use elevators
  5. Proceed to designated assembly point
  6. Only fight small fires if trained and safe to do so
  7. Report to supervisor at assembly point

Injury or Medical Emergency

  1. Press EMERGENCY STOP button
  2. Call for help immediately (911 for serious injuries)
  3. Do not move injured person unless necessary
  4. Apply first aid if trained to do so
  5. Alert supervisor and safety coordinator
  6. Secure the scene for investigation
  7. Complete incident report immediately

Hydraulic Fluid Leak

  1. Stop machine operation immediately
  2. Turn off hydraulic pump
  3. Evacuate area if leak is large
  4. Contain spill with absorbent materials
  5. Contact maintenance immediately
  6. Follow hazmat procedures for cleanup
  7. Complete spill report documentation

Material Degradation or Burning

  1. Stop machine immediately
  2. Turn off barrel heaters
  3. Do not attempt to purge burned material while hot
  4. Ventilate area if fumes present
  5. Contact supervisor
  6. Wait for barrel to cool before purging
  7. May require maintenance barrel cleaning
Safety Reminder

Your safety and the safety of your coworkers is the top priority. When in doubt, stop the machine and ask for help. Never compromise safety for production.

Incident Reporting

All incidents must be reported immediately, including:

  • Injuries (no matter how minor)
  • Near-miss events
  • Equipment malfunctions
  • Safety hazards
  • Spills or releases
  • Quality escapes

Complete Form SAFE-001 and submit to safety supervisor within 24 hours.

Pull Andon

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Red - Equipment
Machine malfunction, breakdown, technical failure
Yellow - Material/Quality
Material shortage, quality defect, specification issue
Blue - Technical Support
Need technical help, setup assistance, programming
Green - Safety
Safety concern, hazard, emergency situation
White - Other
General inquiry, other issues not categorized
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Job #4921 • Injection Molding
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